Use case · Crop residue & wildfire fuel

Crop residue & wildfire fuel

Stop burning the fuel. Turn straw and scrub into a commodity.

A farmer ploughing beside a maize field in India
The film

Tested on straw with Tata Power

Field test with Tata Power · New Delhi, 2018 · 2:07

An earlier-generation system tested with Tata Power at the Rohini grid station, New Delhi. The X-150 was later developed from a reactor designed for Tata Power to turn straw into power.

The challenge

Every season, the fuel goes up in smoke

Across Asia, farmers burn what is left after the harvest because it is the cheapest way to clear the field. In Europe, dry scrub and undergrowth turn summers into fire seasons. Both are biomass: energy that is burned for nothing, and makes people sick.

13,066

farm fires counted by satellite in northern India in the 2025 season, down from 56,600 in 2022. Progress, but the straw is still there.

Up to 2/3

of Delhi's fine-particle pollution on peak days comes from farm fires in Punjab–Haryana or local sources in Delhi.

3×

the risk of acute respiratory infection for people in districts with intense crop burning; children under five are hit hardest.

18.9 Mt

of crop residue potentially burned in the open in Thailand in just three months of 2024.

54%

of 10,000 surveyed rice farmers in Vietnam's Mekong Delta burned their straw; the delta produces over 24 Mt a year.

100,000

premature deaths linked to the 2015 Southeast Asian haze across Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore. Singapore closed all its schools.

1.08 million ha

burned in the EU in 2025, a record. Germany and Spain set all-time records.

2,626 ha

of German forest burned in 2025, most of it in a single fire in Saxony.

Farm fields in India
The solution

Make it worth more than a match

Farmers working a harvested field in India
01
Collect

Straw is baled after the harvest; scrub and undergrowth are cleared from forest edges and firebreaks.

Pellets pressed from crop residue
02
Prepare

Residue is shredded and pressed into pellets at the field edge, dried with the unit's own waste heat where possible.

The X-150 gasifier inside its container
03
Convert

The X-150 gasifies the pellets into clean fuel gas. Straw is one of the fuels the reactor was built for.

A village lit at night by power generated on site
04
Use

Power and heat for the village, the farm or the grid, or cooling for the harvest.

05
Return

Clean biochar goes back to the fields.

In one line

A field fire is energy with nowhere to go. Give it a buyer, and the burning stops.

Benefits

What the region gets

Farmers are paid for residue instead of paying to clear it
Cleaner air in burning season
Local power from local biomass
Small, containerised units that go where the residue is; add units as supply grows
Fits national programmes that already want residue as fuel
India's SAMARTH biomass co-firing mission ↗
Where it fits

Rice belts and fire edges

Rice and wheat belts in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh · sugarcane, maize and rice regions in Thailand, Vietnam and Indonesia · fire-prone forest edges, heaths and firebreaks in Germany, Spain and the Mediterranean.

Aerial view of the Tata Power Rohini site, New Delhi

Straw in. Power out. No smoke.

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